Ringling Bros. And Barnum & Bailey Circus

Phineas Taylor Barnum (July 5th, 1810 to April 7th, 1891) was a well-known showman recognized for his engaging hoaxes. It was he, who later became the founding father of the circus that would develop into the world-renown Ringling Brothers Barnum and Bailey Circus. Before leading the life of a showman, Barnum became a storekeeper and also dabbled in the widespread interest of the lottery.

Once he failed in business, he established a weekly publication in 1829 called The Herald of Freedom. That too became a bust as he suffered a variety of libel suits and was imprisoned as a result.

In 1834, Barnum relocated to the Big Apple ( New York City) and one year later, he explored the world of showmanship. His first venture involved an exhibition of an African American woman (blind and close to completely paralyzed) that he marketed as the more than 160-year-old former nurse of George Washington.

Barnum enjoyed a short-lived success with this exhibition through impressive advertising and successful tours around America until his main attraction passed away and her age was proven at no more than 80 years old.

Once again, Barnum entered a period of failure. In 1841, he purchased Scudder's American Museum (on Broadway and Ann Street of New York City) and renamed the building "Barnum's American Museum." Word across the city spread regarding the considerable amount of exhibits offered at the new museum. It soon became one of the most popular places to visit in the city.

In 1842, Barnum's museum became the talk of the town with exhibits, such as the midget, "General Tom Thumb" and the Fiji Mermaid, which displayed the mummified body of something that resembled a grossly deformed mermaid or half mammal-half fish creation.

He also showcased the original Siamese twins, Chang and Eng Bunker, and continued to expand his offerings with the likes of Native American dancers and the giantess, Anna Swan.

Unfortunately, Barnum's beloved museum caught on fire and suffered irreparable damage. He quickly set up shop at another location, but fire ravaged this building as well.

Explore Related Categories